What are adverse drug reactions (ADRs)?

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are specifically defined as unintended and harmful reactions that occur as a result of medication usage. This definition emphasizes that these reactions are not only unintended but also harmful, distinguishing them from side effects that may be expected or manageable. It is important to understand that ADRs can occur even when a medication is used correctly and as prescribed.

This definition captures the essence of ADRs, as they can vary from mild discomfort to severe health complications. Recognizing ADRs is crucial for healthcare providers to ensure patient safety and to be able to take appropriate actions, such as discontinuing the drug or adjusting the dosage.

In contrast to other options, not all reactions (such as mild side effects) are categorized as adverse drug reactions. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between normal side effects, which may be predictable and manageable, and adverse drug reactions, which are by definition harmful and unexpected. This distinction helps in effective communication and in the management of medication therapies for patients.