What are the potential consequences of abruptly discontinuing corticosteroids?

Abruptly discontinuing corticosteroids can lead to adrenal insufficiency and withdrawal symptoms due to the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that occurs with extended corticosteroid use. When corticosteroids are taken for a prolonged period, the body reduces its own production of corticosteroids, relying on the medication to maintain normal levels. If the medication is stopped suddenly, the body may not be able to produce enough corticosteroids to meet its needs, leading to symptoms associated with adrenal insufficiency. These symptoms can include fatigue, weakness, body aches, and hypotension.

Additionally, withdrawal symptoms may manifest, particularly if the dosage has been high or if the user has been on corticosteroids for a long time. Symptoms may include mood changes, nausea, vomiting, and joint pain. Because of these serious potential outcomes, it is generally recommended that corticosteroids be tapered off gradually rather than stopped suddenly to allow the adrenal glands time to resume normal hormone production. This understanding is crucial for safe medication management and patient education about the risks associated with corticosteroid use.