What is a common side effect associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties. One of the most common side effects associated with their use is gastrointestinal bleeding or irritation. This occurs because NSAIDs inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which play a crucial role in maintaining the protective mucosal lining of the stomach. When this lining is compromised, it can lead to irritation, ulceration, and even bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

Patients taking NSAIDs are often warned about the potential for these gastrointestinal issues, especially if taken in higher doses, over prolonged periods, or in combination with other medications that can affect the GI tract. It's essential for healthcare providers to monitor patients on NSAIDs for signs of GI discomfort or bleeding, as these complications can be serious and necessitate intervention. Understanding this side effect is important for safe prescribing and patient education.