What is the expected outcome of a mannitol IV infusion?

The expected outcome of a mannitol IV infusion is improved urinary output. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by drawing water into the renal tubules, increasing osmolarity in the urine, which leads to an increased production of urine. This action helps to eliminate excess fluid from the body, making it particularly useful in conditions where reducing intracranial pressure or treating oliguric renal failure is necessary.

Mannitol is particularly effective in promoting urine flow, which can help prevent or treat renal failure, especially when kidney function is compromised due to conditions like nephrotoxicity or severe dehydration. The increased urinary output is often assessed to monitor the effectiveness of mannitol therapy and ensure that the kidneys are excreting waste products adequately.

In the context of the other options, while decreased heart rate, reduced blood pressure, and increased blood glucose levels may occur due to various physiological responses or conditions, they are not the primary effects or expected outcomes of mannitol infusion. Therefore, the most significant and directly attributable outcome of mannitol administration is the enhancement of urinary output.