What should patients avoid when taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?

Patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) should avoid foods high in tyramine due to the potential for severe hypertensive reactions. MAOIs work by blocking the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is responsible for breaking down tyramine in the body. When tyramine levels build up, they can lead to dangerously high blood pressure, known as a hypertensive crisis. This can occur with the consumption of certain aged, fermented, or cured foods, such as aged cheeses, cured meats, soy sauce, and certain alcoholic beverages.

Understanding the significance of managing dietary intake is crucial for patients on MAOIs to ensure their safety and prevent serious health complications. This dietary restriction is a critical aspect of the overall management plan for individuals prescribed these medications.