Which class of drugs is primarily used to lower blood pressure?

The primary class of drugs used to lower blood pressure is calcium channel blockers. These medications work by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions into the smooth muscle cells of the heart and blood vessels. This action leads to relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle, resulting in vasodilation and consequently a decrease in blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers can effectively lower blood pressure by reducing the force of the heart’s contractions and decreasing the resistance against which the heart must pump.

Diuretics are also used to manage blood pressure by promoting the excretion of sodium and water, which reduces blood volume; however, the question specifies the primary class for lowering blood pressure, where calcium channel blockers are often favored for their direct action on the vasculature. Antibiotics and antidepressants are not used for blood pressure management; antibiotics are for treating infections, and antidepressants are primarily for managing mood disorders.