Which of the following is a potential side effect of long-term ipratropium use?

Ipratropium is an anticholinergic medication often prescribed for conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. One of the well-known side effects associated with the use of anticholinergic drugs, including ipratropium, is xerostomia, which refers to dryness of the mouth. This occurs because anticholinergic medications inhibit the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that promotes saliva production. Therefore, long-term use of ipratropium can lead to reduced salivary gland secretions and consequently result in a dry mouth.

Understanding this side effect is crucial because xerostomia can lead to discomfort, difficulty in swallowing, and an increased risk of dental problems due to a lack of moisture in the mouth. Recognizing this potential side effect allows healthcare providers to better monitor and manage patients who are on long-term ipratropium therapy to ensure better adherence to the medication regime and to address any related complications.